Average Growth Parameters
Normal Growth Comments
Birth Weight 3.25 kg (7 lbs)
2 x birth wt by 4-5 mos
3 x birth wt by 1 year
4 x birth wt by 2 years
Weight loss (up to 10% of birth wt) in first 7 days of life is normal
Neonate should regain birth weight by ~10 days of age
Length/Height 50 cm (20 in) at birth
25 cm in 1st year
12 cm in 2nd year
8 cm in 3rd year then 4-7 cm/year until puberty
1/2 adult height at 2 years
Measure supine length until 2 years of age, then
measure standing height
Head Circumference 35 cm at birth (14 in)
2 cm/month for 1st 3 mos
1 cm/month at 3-6 mos
0.5 cm/month at 6-12 mos
Measure around occipital, parietal, and frontal
prominences to obtain the greatest circumference
Dentition
• primary dentition (20 teeth)
ƒƒfirst tooth at 5-9 months (lower incisor), then 1
per month until 20 teeth
ƒƒ6-8 central teeth by 1 year
• secondary dentition (32 teeth)
- ƒƒfirst adult tooth is 1st molar at 6 years, then
lower incisors
- ƒƒ2nd molars at 12 years, 3rd molars at 18 years
Nutritional requirement
• Infant : 110 Cal/kg/day
• 1-3 yrs : 100 Cal/kg/day
• 4-6 yrs : 90 Cal/kg/day
• 7-9 yrs : 80 Cal/kg/day
• 10-12yrs : 70 Cal/kg/day
• 13-15 yrs : 60 Cal/kg/day
Fluid Requirement
• 1st 10 Kg body Wt : 100 ml/kg
• 2nd 10 Kg body Wt: 50 ml/kg
• For each additional Kg : 20 ml/kg
Body surface area Method: 1500 ml/m2/24hr
Iron Requirement
The AAP Committee on Nutrition recently recommended that exclusively breastfed term infants receive a supplement of elemental iron at 1 mg/kg per day, starting at 4 months of age and continuing until appropriate iron-containing foods have been introduced.
The preterm infant has lower iron content than the term infant and requires initiation of iron supplementation between 2 and 4 weeks of age and extending through 12 months of age.
Vit D requirement
In 2008, new guidelines from the American Academy of
Pediatrics recommended that breastfed and partially breastfed infants be supplemented with 400 IU of vitamin D daily within days of birth.
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